Studying The Ethical Issues In Elearning Sites Information Technology Essay

Contemplating The Ethical Issues In Elearning Sites Information Technology Essay My subject on this article is about E-Learning locales the social, proficient, and moral issues in eLearning destinations. This subject is a wide one as there are different eLearning sites like Learn2.com, Blackboard, Intelinfo.com, Worldwildlearn.com, Wannalearn.com, Oasis additionally, e.t.c. I will pick Oasis in addition to as my contextual analysis since I have use it and Ive seen out it works. As a matter of first importance, as the world is turning into a worldwide world step by step most University everywhere throughout the present reality rotates around the Internet. This comprises of web based examining or eLearning administrations over electronic frameworks, for example, the Internet and different methods like utilizing the CD-ROM and other electronic intends to peruse rather than printed books. This achieved the name eLearning. The spread of rapid Internet among networks and the multiplication of eLearning among individuals make the two chances and difficulties for Website s. On one hand, eLearning may diminish a significant number of inconveniences related with a secluded area by diminishing separation, correspondence, and data cost and expanding access to bring down cost providers and administrations. For instance Oasis in addition, This is an eLearning webpage which Middlesex college utilizes, where both understudy and staffs or instructors of Middlesex college can get to the website from any piece of the world either at home or workplaces at some random opportunity to get most recent and refreshed data in regards to their examinations and scholarly status all they expected to get to the website is the entrance to the web internet browser, it is intuitive that understudy can peruse or download their talk slides online just as getting refreshed data about their course work, task, result status, accommodation of task, online appraisal e.t.c from any piece of the world with only a tick of a mouse and they can also visit with their kindred understudies and teacher online with only a tick of a mouse on who is online connect to associate and get refreshed data in regards to their talks or assignments accommodation e.t.c E-LEARNING Sites: e-Learning destinations are locales with key methods for instruction, that centers around innovation inside an instructive establishment that is eager to receive it anyway it isn't just e-learning destinations that requires mechanical advancement it is for business need too, this is a vital method of learning or contemplating that can be accomplished by utilizing electronic conveyance techniques, for example, web based learning conveyance bundles, online video conferencing, sites or email to Administer the associations among educator and understudies. It can likewise be any virtual demonstration or technique that individuals uses to make sure about data aptitudes and information by means of the web. Favorable circumstances of e-learning destinations: It diminishes travel cost and time since you can get to it from anyplace you are understudies will have the alternative to choose their learning materials that meets their degree of learning and premium Students or understudies can concentrate any place they approach Internet Adaptability to join conversations in the announcement board strung conversation territories at any hour. improvement of PC and Internet abilities that are transferable to different aspects of students lives Burdens of e-learning locales: Absence of natural structure and schedule Inconsistent Internet associations can be baffling A few courses, for example, customary hands-on courses can be hard to mimic Unmotivated students or those with poor examination propensities may fall behind. Moral, Legal, Social and expert issues on e-Learning locales Morally issues on e-learning destinations: the moral issues on e-taking in locales for the most part start from inappropriate use of this persuasive asset known as Internet. It isn't hard to undermine the web than opposite. Understudies either concentrating in a college or enlist on an online program can without much of a stretch get deceitful information or data and use it for their coursework, ventures, and Assignments. Consequently it is significant that the product engineer for eLearning locales is careful structure and made do with sufficient governing rules to limit exploitative practices by which understudy can swindle. This moral issues can be settled if the e-learning site programming engineer focus on the plan of the e-learning site programming. Legitimate issues on e-learning destinations: There are different lawful issues encompassing the utilization of e-learning locales in examining which we as a whole should know about, The most troublesome (and regularly covering) lawful issues are found in the regions of copyright, information assurance and permitting. Copyright: There is a comprehension of reasonable use (except if indicated something else) that permits sensible utilization of materials for private examination. Making various duplicates of assets without the express authorization of the copyright proprietor, or a copyright explanation recognizing this as a reasonable use, isn't satisfactory. Information insurance: The site of the Information Commissioners Office (http://www.ico.gov.uk) cites eight standards of information assurance that apply to each one of those handling and holding individual information. Individual information includes the two realities and suppositions about an individual, and the Data Protection Act applies to any close to home data held in an organized recording framework. Information must be: reasonably and legally handled, prepared for constrained purposes, satisfactory, applicable and not unreasonable, precise, not kept longer than should be expected, prepared as per the information subjects rights secure, and not moved to nations without sufficient insurance. Permitting: The permit is the lawful proclamation of how one can utilize an e-learning destinations copyrighted material. In an instructive setting, the permit will typically express the quantity of machines a bit of bought programming might be utilized on. Regularly, instructive foundations will require a site permit, a multi-client permit or numerous duplicates of single-client licenses. Programming and different assets must be utilized inside the provisions of the permit. Social issues on e-Learning locales: To distinguish the social issues being developed of an e-learning application in an instructive organization, I will quickly sanction the presentation of the field of PC morals as identified with social issues. Capacity of information: The straightforwardness with which information are spared utilizes observation, checking and spyware techniques extremely simple from the specialized perspective. Eccentrics of personality: Present day unclear characters make conceivable taking different people personality, manufacturing of a message, or communicating something specific namelessly like spam for instance. There is a progressing moral discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of namelessness. At the point when confronted with social issues, an expert ought to have the option to settle on sound and very much finished up decision that will smother the social factors that will in general revoke the norms set by the training foundation. Proficient Issues on e-learning locales Planning e-learning conditions for quality expert training is a test for instruction fashioners, as the proceeding with training of basically moving courses online can be shockingly crippling. We contend that as colleges endeavor to instruct for greatness in proficient practice, plan approaches for the e-learning parts must be conceptualized in a more extensive perspective on a contemporary learning condition including incorporated virtual and physical measurements. These are completely considered in an incorporated manner to encourage learning encounters giving an accentuation on grounded practice. The plan of our interface and composing framework is affected to a limited extent by the structure of the e-Learning content. Proposal or things that ought to be placed at the top of the priority list when creating e-learning destinations: I need to outline out some prescribed procedures systems for the eLearning. These procedures are not new. A large portion of these systems are being utilized in some structure in numerous schools and colleges it is use on desert spring in addition to also, I have arranged a rundown of what methodologies can be actualized inside the system of given programming. I myself have go through a portion of this techniques when composed my online appraisal on Oasis in addition to. The accompanying ways are intends to handle the issues of cheating, written falsification, and copyright infringement inside the structure of an eLearning programming like desert spring in addition to. They can assist with diminishing or forestalling the issue of cheating, unoriginality and copyright infringement. Make online test accessible for only scarcely any days or a day that it would be taken Breaking point the time on the test When picked answer ought not be return to Set deferent inquiries for every understudy to dodge spillage of answers Cause understudy to take an interest in an online conversation gathering Give a short test during on the web meeting Understudies ought to be mentioned to hand their undertaking over for copyright infringement check End: E-Learning website programming substance and Internet applications have change method of educating and learning and have additionally make new issues around morals and responsibility. The furthest point result of the eLearning locales has made the two backers and depreciators. A few specialists state that the fruitful use of eLearning programs seems to pivot principally on the trust and trustworthiness of the focused on remote students. Be that as it may, while making drawing in programming, program or substance, the trustworthiness and respectability of the understudies isn't really a significant thought. In this way like in any college conventional projects, the exactness, right segments, controls, exercises and assessment strategies have likewise become basic issues for eLearning locales. Subsequently alongside concentrating on the look and fill of the e-learning site, close consideration ought to be paid to the structure, nature of substance, conveyance practices and the board of eLearning destinations.

Lextura Dantis :: The Divine Comedy

Dante shifts his introduction extraordinarily all through Malebolge. Each bolgia has its own specific air, and the sudden tonal and auxiliary moves between them make the move from bolgia to bolgia a variety of styles and strategies. Be that as it may, no move is so striking as that between the eighth and ninth, in which the peruser leaves a bolgia set apart by two persuasive, looking sensational monologs for one portrayed by terse, epigrammatic remarks. The gallant appeal of Ulysses and the crooked self-disclosure of Guido da Montefeltro offer path to the shortened, packed talk of Mohammed, Pier da Medicina, Mosca, and Bertran de Born. The prior bolgia asks for mental readings; the last disappoints them. The structures of these cantos present a comparative disjointedness. Ulysses and Guido are given abundant open door for relaxed extension, and their accounts have a smooth turn of events and conclusion. Each is the supreme star of his canto, and Dante records both their going back and forth with respectful consideration. Inferno XXVIII, in any case, presents a quick progression of scenes, and the cuts between them are as savage and relentless as those conveyed by the fallen angel to the accursed. The canto appears to be bound together just by Dante's craving to introduce the contrapasso from numerous points of view as he can. The individuals who planted strife in life are slashed in inventive ways __ Mohammed split from jaw to rear-end, Ali cut from jawline to hairline, Pier da Medicina cut and scratched in better places, Curio's tongue hacked out, Mosca's arms cut off, and Bertran de Born perfectly beheaded __ a close to Baroque minor departure from a solitary topic. One loathsomene ss follows closely following another, and every stage replaces the memory of the previous one. In spite of this bounty in the points of interest of the disciplines, the structure of the twenty-eighth canto is persistently schematic. The canto can be effortlessly partitioned into six smaller scenes, four of which are on a very basic level indistinguishable __ even to some degree dreary. The canto starts with a natural epic motion: the inexpressibility topos. Dante gives up all hope of regularly doing equity to what he should depict (vv. 1-6): Chi poria mai pur con parole sciolte dicer del sangue e de le piaghe a pieno ch'i' ora vidi, per narrar piã ¹ volte? Ogne lingua per certo verria meno per lo nostro sermone e per la mente

Groupon

Groupon © Shutterstock.com | Gil C Groupon is a daily deals website operating globally. It has remained a popular option for those looking to find great deals and offers. In this article, we will look at 1) what is Groupon?, 2) products, 3) business model and key components, and 4) learning from Groupon’s success.WHAT IS GROUPON?The CompanyGroupon began operations in 2008 from Chicago and shortly following this from Boston, New York City and Toronto. Within a year, the website began serving more than 150 markets inside the United States and about a 100 markets in Europe, Asia and South America.The name is a play on the words group and coupon signifying the business of the company. The website is a daily deals provider that features gift certificates at a discount from different types of companies. Groupon was created by Andrew Mason with financial backing from a former employer, Eric Lefkofsky. Mason ran the company as CEO till 2013, when he was asked to leave the company after a failure to meet targets and raise pr ofitability.After enjoying rapid success initially, the company went into a negative spiral and reported a fourth quarter loss of $9.8 million in 2011.History of GrouponMason’s project began as a campaign and fund raising website called ThePoint.com. The website used a system called ‘the tipping point’ which meant that a donation would only be charged if a certain number of people contributed to the campaign. When the business transitioned from ThePoint to Groupon, the same idea was used, meaning that a Groupon deal only went through if a certain number of people bought it. If this limit was reached, then Groupon would charge its fee otherwise it would not. This was a major point of encouragement for vendors to come onboard and offer different deals to draw in business.The first deal was an offer on pizza at half price from a restaurant on the first floor of the Groupon office in Chicago in October 2008. Twenty people bought the deal. Groupon quickly expanded within the US and went from calling multiple vendors every day to ask for deals to accepting only one in eight vendors that wanted to be featured on the site.Groupon continued its expansion by moving into international markets. One way of doing this was by purchasing and rebranding existing similar deal-of-the-day services. Some of these have been MyCityDeal in Europe, ClanDescuento in South America, Qpod.jp in Japan and Darberry.ru in Russia. Others have been Beeconomic.com in Singapore, SoSasta.com in India, uBuyiBuy in HongKong and GroupsMore in Malaysia. All of these were acquired between 2010 and 2011. In 2012, the company purchased Mertado, a Facebook based social shopping service and Breadcrumb which is a point of sale system and application for iPads targeting local restaurants. Based on these purchases, Groupon created access to other types of businesses to add to its repertoire. By the end of 2012, the company also purchased Savored which was a high end restaurant reservation and discount site. This gave the company access to these higher end restaurants, as well as a separate independently run business.These acquisitions continued in 2012 with a real-time location sharing mobile application called Glassmap and a European travel application called Blink that provides short notice hotel reservations. In December 2013, the company reported the highest weekend of sales since it was founded in 2008, with billings up 30 percent year over year.MarketsAny new market targeted in first explored and mapped out by employees who identify successful local businesses. These are then approached with an explanation of the Groupon model and social media sites are used as promotional tools.At present, Groupon serves nearly 500 markets in 48 countries. These include markets in the United States, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Argentina, Peru Thailand, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Israel, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, China, Russia, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Indo nesia, India, South Africa, Morocco, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Romania, Ukraine, Poland, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Finland, Sweden, and Norway.In 2011, the company launched in China with a joint venture. Groupon and Tencent joined together to launch Gaopeng. The venture struggled initially and eventually merged with Futuan. In the same year, Groupon also expanded in the Middle East with the launch of Groupon UAE as well as into New Zealand.Groupon’s Indian expansion came about with the purchase of a local version of itself called SoSasta also in 2011. The new venture was named Crazeal later that year and with the acquisition of the relevant domain name it was once again renamed to Groupon by 2012.Learn How Groupon Works! PRODUCTSGroupon products are not targeted towards everyone as the offered deals are most often in the category of things people want rather than the things they need. The major target audience are young urban pro fessionals who want to explore the city they are in at an affordable manner. Groupon deals allow people to try out products and services that they may otherwise not have attempted to purchase. The most common types of Groupon deals are for:Restaurants, bars, hotels, bed and breakfasts, and getawaysSpas and resortsFitness centers and specific classes such as yoga, Pilates, or spinningHair and nail careCosmetic dentistry procedures and other cosmetic proceduresLaundry and dry cleaningAssorted classesSmall local retailersMost often, the deal is a 50 percent discount on a specific product or service. The deals can range from $20 to $2,999 for a variety of items. There are restrictions that apply to almost deals. There are expiration dates on usage or deals only for new users. Some restaurants may offer deals on a restricted menu excluding alcohol. For this reason, all fine print should be read carefully when deciding to avail a deal.BUSINESS MODEL KEY COMPONENTSThe Groupon business mod el has shown immense promise in the past. Though recently there has been some criticism based on the company’s inability to meet profit targets, a change in management could prove to be the solution needed by the business to continue its past success. Any business model is made up of several components that interact with each other. The Groupon business model has the following components.Business Model ComponentsKey PartnersMainly, Groupon’s partners are the companies that offer deals on the website. In addition to these, there are also the investors that have injected capital into the enterprise since it was a startup.Key ActivitiesKey activities for Groupon may includeAcquisitions of companies and negotiations of partner setupsCreative writing for daily dealsWebsite maintenance and upgradesCustomer communicationsCustomer data managementAdvertising decisionsKey ResourcesKey resources are those assists that are vital to keep the business going. For Groupon, these resources inclu de intellectual ones such as detailed customer databases. These databases allow customization of offers for the clients. The established brand name garners trust and is a vital asset. The people who work for Groupon are vital for their creativity and innovation. Financial resources are also necessary to continue to expand and serve clients in the best way possible.Value PropositionGroupon’s value proposition to its clients is the offer of low prices for items that the customer wants together with convenience and accessibility. The deals are localized to ensure that the right people are offered the right deal.For businesses, Groupon offers a connection to the right client base, offering a platform for advertising, as well as the opportunity to generate new clients. The time limit on deals ensures that people buy immediately when otherwise they would stop and think. The tipping point allows for the business to gain enough offers for a deal to make it viable for them to sell it.Custo mer RelationshipsHighly customized emails open a channel of communication with the customer that helps retain customer for future repeat business. Customers are offered items of their interest and kept updated on what is offered.Customer SegmentsBroadly, Groupon has two segments of customers. The first is the customer who wants to buy the deal on offer and the second is the business who is offering this deal. These two segments have drastically different motives and Groupon needs to work to create a balance between them. According to Groupon, a majority of their users are women. Generally, the segment is made of younger users who range in age between 18 and 34. The company further segments them based on their demographics, purchase history and interests.ChannelsGroupon uses various communication channels to reach clients. These include personalized regular emails. Another channel is regional and national advertising campaigns to reach even more customers and encourage them to use th e service. Other advertising channels include newspapers, magazines and even radio and television.Cost StructureOne of the main costs for the company are advertising. This includes the personalized and regular emails, as well as all other channels. Other part of costs are infrastructure which include office space, servers etc., as well as human resource which is the employees. Yet another aspect of the cost structure is the massive investments the company makes for expansion usually through acquisitions.Revenue StreamsGroupon’s revenue streams are based directly on the number of deals sold and the actual cost of the deal. Groupon charges for deals that meet minimum user criteria. Businesses are also charged a subscription fee while the service remains free for the customer. Ad space is also sold as a small revenue stream.Groupon USPGroupon has many competitors that offer a similar or competing product offering. What makes Groupon unique is their prices and the type of deals they o ffer. Groupon uses a large sales force that successfully negotiates deals from businesses for clients. As for the type of deals on offer, the company has managed to successfully create a business based on what customers want rather than what they need. Offering attractive discounts on these wants ensures that people remain tempted to keep coming back. Groupon has also leveraged excellent writing, humor and media such as email to maintain a connection with the customer base.LEARNING FROM GROUPON’S SUCCESSLessons to Learn for EntrepreneursCreating an Online Organizational PersonalityEssentially, Groupon relies on people to read through a daily deals newsletter. Most often, people are likely to get bored with these after a while and unsubscribe. Groupon has managed a series of steps that ensure that the likelihood of this happening is significantly reduced. Some of these steps are:Creating Personality: When a person clicks unsubscribe to a Groupon email, they get to meet Derrick. The photo below shows who Derrick is. This interesting, somewhat personal image may get a laugh out of people and encourage them to subscribe again.A likable online personality makes it relatively easier for a company to build and maintain customer loyalty and interest. This loyalty makes it easier to deal with any actions or events that may otherwise damage the brand. Most businesses can achieve this to some degree by adding some extra interest in their web based communications and their websites. Whatever attempt is made to create a personality however, should be in keeping with the brand’s identity and support overall long term goals.Create a Blog: A blog can be a great way to stay connected and show the human side of a business to its clients. A blog is more informal and allows a look into the people who are behind the brand. The level of customer engagement that can be achieved through a blog is difficult to achieve through other mediums. A blog starts a conversation that allows readers to join in to respond, critique and share points of view. In addition, a blog offers a great way to achieve organic search engine optimization.Focus on Website Content: Many companies may spend a lot of resources on having a fancy website designed and created, but not pay too much attention of what material is to go on it. Well written content that supports the company philosophy can help create an interesting corporate personality. Functional content is not enticing for viewers and will not be a source of repeat visits.Be Interesting on Social Media: Take Twitter as an example. There are many organizations that post in a generic detached sort of way. This can be boring and uninteresting for readers and they will not care about the brand at all. There should always be some basic organizational criteria to stay within when positing on social media, but beyond that, the people responsible for these pages and posts should be encouraged to inject personality into them by postin g interesting links, continue conversations, and be humorous â€" all in keeping with the persona that the company aims to create.Respond: A likeable company will most likely be one that responds to queries, criticism, feedback and observations in a timely way. This includes any mediums being used such as Twitter, Facebook, a blog, or other blogs where the company may be mentioned. An individualized response shows that there are human behind a brand who are sympathetic and caring.3 Business Lessons to Learn from GrouponThe Groupon business is not new or particularly innovative. It is the way the business is run that forms the basis of its popularity. There are three major lessons than any new business can learn from the Groupon example. These are:Keep it Simple: Groupon sells a simple product â€" great deals â€" in a simple way. The methods are easy to understand and the website is easy to use. This ensures that potential customers are not scared away by the need to understand a comp licated offer.Differentiate by Branding: Groupon can essentially be seen as a simple newsletter campaign that sells coupons. The most frequently used channel of communication is email which is not the most innovative form of reaching the customer in today’s world. However, by ensuring highly customized emails that are tailor made for the recipient and excellent writing to make them readable, the company has managed to create a differentiated image for itself.Solve a Problem: Groupon solves problems for both the vendor who offers a deal and the customer who buys it. The vendor is able to gain some publicity as well as new users or members. The customer is able to secure a great price for a product or service that they may want and is not a necessity. This ability to be a problem solver keeps it a popular intermediary.Andrew Mason: What Ive Learned at Groupon Potential ProblemsWhile Groupon continues to make sales and connect customers with vendors, its profitability remains a quest ion mark. The company fired its CEO and founder in 2013 in light of continued inability to become profitable and falling stock prices. Companies like Groupon are easy to setup but appear to be difficult to sustain. The challenge is to keep both customers and vendors happy and this is no easy endeavor as both have drastically opposite goals. These challenges will require the company to rethink its strategy and business model in order to remain relevant and profitable.

Arranged Marriage The Union Between Two People For...

Sheikhadde 1 FaizaSheikhadde Ms. Petrelli Eng3U1 20th October 2014 Arranged marriage Marriage is known as the union between two people for better and worse where they both love and respect each other. So what should be the right definition for arranged marriage? Simply arranged marriage is defined as, a traditional marriage that is arranged by the families of the bride and groom where both of them give their consent to be married. This type of marriage is quite common in Muslim communities, royal families (Diplomatic Marriages) and some countries like India, Pakistan, Japan, Korea, China and Israel (By New World Encyclopedia). Arranged marriages are preferred in many cultures because they are an important tradition and custom that carried over the years. Arranged marriages are considered to be more successful than love marriages. There are many reasons that make the arranged marriage a suitable choice comparing to the non-arranged one. Arranged marriages have a lower divorce rate, due to the fact that arranged marriages are not based on love. As a result decisions are rationally made by both the husband and wife, which will definitely create a stable and comfortable relationship. In an arranged marriage, both the husband and wife are socially compatible so they will perfectly match each other; moreover, having many things in common is vital for the success of any relationship. This type of marriage will result in a strong relationship with the family, and whichShow MoreRelatedIs Love Important When Looking For A Partner? Essay1540 Words   |  7 PagesIs Love Important When Looking for a Partner? The tale of Romeo and Juliet conveyed a love that was so strong and emotionally powerful between two young lovers that it has caused generations among generations to read about it. Flash forward to modern day, some people believe that we have walked past our future spouses without even knowing it. With all of the people we walk by each and every day it’s very likely to happen. The topic of love is not something that has just recently come about. Love hasRead MoreWhat Does It Truly Mean? Essay1151 Words   |  5 Pages What is marriage? What does it truly mean? For me personally, marriage is best defined as a legal act of love between two people who vow to be as one until death do them part. It is a special day of celebrating an everlasting union between two people and their families. It is a life long commitment. It is loyalty, security, trust, and respect. Marriage is forever. To help me better define the meaning of the word †marriage†, I looked it up in several dictionaries. To my surprise, not one includedRead MoreMarriage Is The Central And Most Important Social Institution1503 Words   |  7 PagesMarriage is a form of union between two people, in which comes with love, respect, responsibilities, mutual conjugal rights, and a family. 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Girl Interuppted - 2146 Words

Girl Interrupted: Susanna Kaysen’s Mental Illness Katie Casebeer Margaret Gibson Amancio Lopes Molly Rather Boston College PY230 The film, Girl, Interrupted, is based on the life and memoir of Susanna Kaysen. During the late 1960’s Susanna Kaysen, attempted suicide and checked herself into a mental health hospital for two years. This movie adaptation weaves together the intricacies of Susanna’s personal life, the pressures of a changing society and the unexpected friendships she formed while committed to the hospital. In the film, directed by James Mangold, Susana is played by Winnona Ryder. The movie is made up of small vignettes of Susanna’s life. Susana is from a well-off family, but considers herself an outsider and†¦show more content†¦Her impulsivity is seen in both her promiscuity and substance abuse in the movie. Susanna has an affair with one of her high school teachers. She also kisses one of the male attendants in the hospital, which is clearly against the rules. These risky sexual acts are a component to her disorder. These reckless decisions with her promiscuity and substance use are seen as one of the symptoms of her disorder. Another symptom is her frequent feelings of intense anger. Susanna tends to overreact to situations and become overly angry when things upset her. She frequently lashes out at inappropriate times, especially with the professionals in the hospital. When the therapists and staff try to help her, she usually becomes rude and angry and denies any form of help. Another one of Susanna’s symptoms is her suicidal tendencies. Susanna is seen talking intensely about death and having suicidal thoughts with her boyfriend. In the opening scene of the movie, Susanna has attempted suicide by overdosing on aspirin and alcohol. She also has bruises from pounding her wrists. However, throughout the movie she is in denial of her suicide attempt and when asked about it claims she did not try to kill herself and â€Å"just had a headache.† Her denial of her suicidal tendencies is also considered a symptom of her

Cellphones Should Be Banned Free Essays

Cellphones should be banned Nowadays you see cellphones everywhere: at the store, at a restaurant, and even at the theater. People seem not able to put them down or turn them off. Cellphones have negative effects on health, society, and safety. We will write a custom essay sample on Cellphones Should Be Banned or any similar topic only for you Order Now I have arranged my discussion in this order, ascending of importance, in order to give the reader some insight in the world of cellphones, and why cellphones should be banned. Cellphones can cause severe stress in all generations. Children and young adults are always on; they eat, sleep and shower with their cellphones. Gaby Badre, MD, PhD, of Sahlgren’s Academy in Gothenburg, Sweden found out that â€Å"Teenagers who excessively use their cell phone are more prone to disrupted sleep, restlessness, stress and fatigue† (American Academy of Sleep Medicine). While teenagers are stressed when they are not on their phone, always being on can stress people in the workforce. â€Å"Increasing use of cell phones and pagers may be blurring the boundaries between work and home and raising stress levels at both places† (Warner). Even though there is just anecdotal evidence of cellphone related cancer and brain damage in adults, evidence was found that cellphones can damage a child’s brain. Children using mobile phones absorb as much as double the amount of radiation through their heads as adults. The leading scientist Dr. Om Ghandi, from the University of Utah, found that a child’s brain can absorb radiation across its entire surface. Cellphone radiation mainly effects the neurological system of a child, â€Å"causing headaches, lack of concentration, memory loss and sleeping disorders. It can also cause epilepsy in children† (international parenting association). Further can radiation of cellphones harm body cells and DNA. In Europe 12 research groups, worked on the project called Reflex. Over four years the researchers, coordinated by the german research group Verum, â€Å"studied the effect of radiation on human and animal cells in the laboratory† (international parenting association). They found that single and double-strand DNA breaks, after being exposed to electro magnetic fields. Professor Leif Salford, who headed the research at Sweden’s prestigious Lund University, says ‘the voluntary exposure of the brain to microwaves from hand-held mobile phones’ is ‘the largest human biological experiment ever’† (international parenting association). Like cellphones have an effect on health, they have an impact on society. Cellphones affect social interactions, communication, and etiquette. When you are watching a gro up of young people going out, or waiting for the bus together, each person of the group is either texting or calling a friend that is not with the group right now, instead of talking to each other. They avoid uncomfortable situations and confrontations by either not answering a call or sending a text message. â€Å"Text messaging is dangerous, not only does it ruin social interaction between humans, writing skills and expression. Everything becomes so impersonal and simple† (Marquez). There is no awkward silence or nonverbal response connected to text messaging. You can basically say anything you want in text messages without revealing your feelings or opinions. Text messaging is impersonal and young adults seems to lose the ability to have a face to face conversation. Moreover do cellphone have a great impact on Socioeconomic Diversity. Cellphones and cellphone contracts are expensive. Not every parent or student can afford a cellphone with unlimited text, call, and data. This may set young adults apart from their peer and make them subject of bullying. â€Å"People can be inconsiderate when using the phone in public† (ehow) – phone etiquette is poor or does not exist at all. Answering phone calls during a movie or theater show, to holding up the line at the store, or bumping into people on the street, because of focusing on the cell phone instead of their surroundings, are all examples of poor cell phone etiquette. But the biggest problem with cellphones is safety. The National Safety Council states that 28% of all car accidents are caused by cellphone use behind the wheel. The study â€Å"A comparison of Cellphone Driver and the Drunk Driver†, by Daniel L. Strayer and et al. , at the University of Utah in 2006, states that talking on the phone while driving equals a blood alcohol of 0. 08%. While teenagers are texting, they spend about 10 percent of the time outside the driving lane they’re supposed to be in (Edgar Snyder). But there are other crucial safety issues connected with cellphones beside cellphone use while driving. Sexting, the submission of sexual messages or pictures, is becoming more and more popular among teen agers, and young adults. â€Å"In January 2009, three high school girls from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania were charged with manufacturing and disseminating or possessing child pornography after they allegedly sent nude or seminude cell phone pictures of themselves to three male classmates. The boys, ages sixteen and seventeen,were charged with possession of child ornography for having the images on their phones. The girls involved were even younger, just fourteen and fifteen years of age (Calvert). News like that are disturbing, but far from uncommon. Young adults and teenagers reported that sexting is regarded as normal, and prerequisite for dating and hooking up. But sexted images and messages are not safe. With todays cellphone technology it is easy to send those pictures v iral, online, without the initial sender knowing. The sender can be publicly exposed without their knowing. Furthermore can others take your picture without your consent. When convicted for distributing or owning child pornography, a teenager or young adult can face the chance to be labeled as sex offenders, â€Å"a stigma that could haunt them throughout their lives, all for what one might consider a youthful, sophomoric indiscretion† (Calvert). Cellphones appear to be very convenient, yet they come with severe side effects. After considering the health, society, and safety issues that cellphones bring with them a ban of cellphones is justified. Unfortunately a ban is not in sight for right now so we need to make sure that children, teenagers and young adults learn how to use their cellphones right, without depending on them too much. Work Cited Calvert, Clay. â€Å"SEX, CELL PHONES, PRIVACY, AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT: WHEN CHILDREN BECOME CHILD PORNOGRAPHERS AND THE LOLITA EFFECT UNDERMINES THE LAW. † Firstamandmend. com. Web. 2 Mar. 2012. http://firstamendment. jou. ufl. edu/pubs/SexCellPhonesPrivacyArticle. pdf. â€Å"Developing the Child Brain. † ‘Early Learning’ Parenting Resource. Early Learning’ Parents Resource. Web. 01 May 2012. ;http://www. internationalparentingassociation. org/BrainDevelopment/cellphones. html;. Titus, Christa. â€Å"Negative Impact of Mobile Phones on Society. † EHow. Demand Media, 26 July 2009. Web. 02 May 2012. ;http://www. ehow. com/facts_5217378_negative-impact-mobile-phones-society. html;. â€Å"Cell Phone Texting Accident Statistics. † Edgarsnyder. com. Web. 03 May 2012. ;http://www. edgarsnyder. com/car-accident/cell-phone/statistics. html;. Marquez, Cesar. â€Å"Negative Aspects of Text Messaging. â€Å" How to cite Cellphones Should Be Banned, Essay examples

Consciousness As Determined Th Essay Example For Students

Consciousness As Determined Th Essay Consciousness is understood in a variety of ways. In one belief, a person is conscious when awake, but unconscious when sleeping or comatose. Yet people also do things requiring perception and thought unconsciously even when they are awake. A person can be conscious of their physical surroundings, pain and even a wish or fantasy. In short a creature is conscious if it is aware of itself and that it is a physical and emotional being. Consciousness is a psychological condition defined by the English philosopher John Locke as the perception of what passes in a mans own mind.1 Consciousness is defined and perceived differently in many psychological view points. For instance the earlier views around the 19th century was diversely considered. Most perceived consciousness as a substance or mental stuff unlike an object from the physical world. Others deferred that the conscious mind was what separated man from lower forms of life. It is an attribute characterized by sensation and voluntary movement which described the difference between normal waking state of animals and men and their condition when asleep.2Other descriptions included an analysis of consciousness as a form of relationship or act of the mind toward objects in nature, and a view that consciousness was a continuous field or stream of essentially mental sense data. The method believed by most early writers in determining consciousness was introspectionlooking within ones own mind to discover the laws of its operation. This belief was limited when it was apparent when observationalists could not agree on observations. Obviously due to the differences in ones own idea of introspection and the underlying views they possessed. The failure of introspection to reveal consistent laws led to the refection of all mental states as subjects of scientific study and thus psychology attached consciousness to its diversity. The term consciousness is most often used by philosophers and psychologists as meaning attention to the contents or workings of ones own mind. This notion had little significance for the ancients, but it was emphasized in the 17th century by John Locke and Rene Descartes. Contemporaries of these two philosophers thought of consciousness as the operation of the inner-eye. Both Locke and Descartes went further. They held that consciousness was involved with every working mental state. In this view the mind is transparent to itself that is, it can perceive its own activity. For three centuries self transparence was the defining feature of the mind. That conception was sprung through the theories of Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener who were advocates off a science of introspection. Early in the 20th century the transparency doctrine came to a setback for three different reasons. The first reason was Sigmund Freuds compelling evidence that some very important mental activity is not only subconscious but firmly resists conscious access through repression. At first Freuds idea of unconscious was treated as self-contradictory, but it has since won acceptance as being useful and entirely possible. the second difficulty for the transparency doctrine was that it made the mind impossible for objective science. What is known introspectively to a single person would be utterly private and therefore can not be viewed scientifically. Scientific method demands objectivity and reportable data. The behaviorists John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner and the philosopher Gilbert Ryle rebelled against the idea of an inner sense and denied the very existence of consciousness in the strong sense exhibited by Locke, Descartes and the introspective psychologists.3 Ryle insisted that mind is an illusory concept and that it is really nothing more than a collection of observable behaviors. Similarly, the behaviorists argued that behavioral responses to environmental stimuli are merely responses to the stimuli and do not inherently represent hidden mental states or events. Accordingly, psychology should be the science of behavior, not of introspection.4The difficulty for the transparency doctrine was cog nitive psychologys recent discovery that everyone does a great deal of mental processing, reasoning, and analysis of many sorts without being able to introspect it at all. Cognitive psychology in itself, however, has thus far had little further to say about consciousness. .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 , .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .postImageUrl , .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 , .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97:hover , .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97:visited , .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97:active { border:0!important; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97:active , .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97 .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u940f4d7d5f99edd03a28c091afd51a97:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on The Presidential Election : Barack Obama And Obama EssayThe identity theory of mind, proposed by the British philosopher U.T. Place in the 1950s, reconciled the original idea

The Role Of The Geisha In Japanese Culture Essays - Japanese Culture

The Role of the Geisha in Japanese Culture Japan, located in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of the Asian Continent, is a nation composed of almost 7,000 islands, many are small. The four main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. Japan has the seventh largest population in the world. With approximately 125 million inhabitants, the only countries with a higher population are China, India, the United States, Indonesia, and Brazil. The population which is about half of the United States, lives on only 1/25 as much total land mass, this computes to being one of the highest population densities in the world. These conditions reflect in the Japanese cultural values and their desire for being a collective society.1 The Japanese style of conducting business differs greatly from the western model. It has grown out of the nation's unique history cultured philosophy. The Japanese people are isolated in an island nation's unique history, culture, and philosophy. The island nation is under constant bombardment by the harsh forces of nature, have traditionally placed a strong emphasis on working together as a group in order to survive. Their culture is deeply influenced by Confucianism, with its rigid rules governing conduct and its emphasis on trust, consensus, and hierarchy. These ancient roots have influenced every aspect of Japanese business; from the way formal meetings are conducted to the importance placed on after-hours socializing. It has shaped a business culture in which long-term, mutually beneficial relationships are of paramount importance. By understanding and adapting to this business culture, Western executives eager to do business in Japan will be able to be enlightened to be more productive associations with their Japanese colleagues and will increase the probability of achieving the goals of their meetings there. It is important to understand the role of the female entertainer in Japanese culture. That is why the Geisha has a specific role.2 The geisha is described as a ?century old professional entertainer? the geisha is an important part of traditional Japanese social life. Geisha are masters in the arts, trained in music, calligraphy, Sado (tea ceremony) poetry, conversation and social graces as well as three stringed instruments called Shamisen. They dress in traditional kimonos, stunning in their elegance. Basic wooden geta clogs are worn for footwear, and hair is up in bun type coiffures trimmed with metallic accessories. Geisha literally translated means ?beauty person? or ?person who lives by the arts.?3 The geisha emerged around the mid-Edo period (1600- 1868). The first geisha appeared at parties in the 1600's. Surprisingly, they were men. Beating drums and making jokes, they entertained the guests and warriors. As time passed this type of entertaining became a female occupation. By the 1780's female geisha out numbered men and inspired artists, writers, and musicians with their majestic lives in the flower and willow setting. From the end of the Edo period to the present geisha have had connections with businessmen and even with government officials. They were not only revered in Japan, but also fascinated most of western culture. Their fees are rather exorbitantly expensive so they are primarily reserved for the elite. Instead of being calculated by the hour it is referred to in units of sticks, since the fee was formally figured by the lengths of time it took a stick of incense to burn down. One hour generally consists of ?four sticks,? which is the minimum amount of payment.4 Most people hear about Geisha and believe that they are all prostitutes. Geisha is an art.5 The geisha is not a prostitute, but an entertainer trying to make a living.6 The mystic geisha, at one time admired for purity in keeping with men, is inevitably still a source of desire.7A Geisha is a high-class professional who exists on the same continuum as a prostitute. These women who become geisha's not out of love but because opportunity affords them this life. Men hire women to entertain them, and the principal role of a geisha is to provide female companionship. At times that entails just being arm candy, and unfortunately at other times it also involves sex.8 These women are professional hostesses in a variation. The geisha primarily entertain the higher class. These women are extensively trained in many of the traditional Japanese arts.9 Men have sought women of another type (instead of their wives) to entertain them in public, to break the ice of social convention-thicker in Japan than elsewhere, to pour sake, to sing, dance, play the

Ancestry of Camilla Parker-Bowles

Ancestry of Camilla Parker-Bowles The second wife of Britains Prince Charles, Camilla Parker Bowles was born Camilla Shand in London, England in 1947. She met Prince Charles at Windsor Great Park in the early seventies. Believing he would never propose, however, she married Army officer Andrew Parker Bowles with whom she had two children, Tom, born in 1975 and Laura, born in 1979. Her marriage to Andrew ended in divorce in January 1995. Interesting Facts One of the most famous individuals in Camillas family tree is her great-grandmother, Alice Frederica Edmonstone Keppel, royal mistress to King Edward VII from 1898 until his death in 1910. Madonna shares a distant relationship with Camilla Parker Bowles through Zacharie Cloutier (1617-1708), while Celine Dion shares descent with Camilla from Jean Guyon (1619-1694). Camilla Parker-Bowles Family Tree This family tree is explained using an  Ahnentafel chart,  a standard numbering scheme which makes it easy to see at a glance how a specific ancestor is related to the root individual, as well as easily navigate between generations of a family. First Generation: 1. Camilla Rosemary SHAND was born on 17 Jul 1947 in Kings College Hospital, London.  She married Brigadier Andrew Henry PARKER-BOWLES (b. 27 Dec 1939) at The Guards Chapel, Wellington Barracks, on 4 July 1973. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1996.1 Second Generation: 2. Major Bruce Middleton Hope SHAND was born on 22 Jan 1917.2  Major Bruce Middleton Hope SHAND and Rosalind Maud CUBITT were married on 2 Jan 1946 in St. Pauls Knightsbridge.3 3. Rosalind Maud CUBITT was born on 11 Aug 1921 in 16 Grosvenor Street, London.  She died in 1994.3 Major Bruce Middleton Hope SHAND and Rosalind Maud CUBITT had the following children:4 1 i. Camilla Rosemary SHANDii. Sonia Annabel SHAND was born on 2 Feb 1949.iii. Mark Roland SHAND was born on 28 Jun 1951 and died on 23 Apr 2014. Third Generation: 4. Philip Morton SHAND was born on 21 Jan 1888 in Kensington.5 He died on 30 Apr 1960 in Lyon, France. Philip Morton SHAND and Edith Marguerite HARRINGTON were married on 22 Apr 1916.6 They were divorced in 1920. 5. Edith Marguerite HARRINGTON was born on 14 Jun 1893 in Fulham, London.7 Philip Morton SHAND and Edith Marguerite HARRINGTON had the following children: 2 i. Major Bruce Middleton Hope SHANDii. Elspeth Rosamund Morton SHAND 6. Roland Calvert CUBITT, 3rd Baron Ashcombe, was born on 26 Jan 1899 in London and  died on 28 Oct 1962 in Dorking, Surrey.  Roland Calvert CUBITT and Sonia Rosemary KEPPEL were married on 16 Nov 1920 in Guards Chapel, Wellington Barracks, St. George Hanover Square.8 They were divorced in Jul 1947. 7. Sonia Rosemary KEPPEL was born on 24 May 1900.9  She died on 16 Aug 1986. Roland Calvert CUBITT and Sonia Rosemary KEPPEL had the following children: 3 i. Rosalind Maud CUBITTii. Henry Edward CUBITT was born on 31 Mar 1924.iii. Jeremy John CUBITT was born on 7 May 1927.  He died on 12 Jan 1958. Fourth Generation: 8. Alexander Faulkner SHAND was born on 20 May 1858 in Bayswater, London.10 He died on 6 Jan 1936 in Edwardes Place, Kensington, London. Alexander Faulkner SHAND and Augusta Mary COATES were married on 22 Mar 1887 in St. George, Hanover Square, London.11 9. Augusta Mary COATES was born on 16 May 1859 in Bath, Somerset.12 Alexander Faulkner SHAND and Augusta Mary COATES had the following children: 4 i. Philip Morton SHAND 10. George Woods HARRINGTON was born on 11 Nov 1865 in Kensington.13 George Woods HARRINGTON and Alice Edith STILLMAN were married on 4 Aug 1889 in St. Lukes, Paddington.14 11. Alice Edith STILLMAN was born about 1866 in Notting Hill, London.15 George Woods HARRINGTON and Alice Edith STILLMAN had the following children: i. Cyril G. HARRINGTON was born about 1890 in Parsons Green.5 ii. Edith Marguerite HARRINGTON 12. Henry CUBITT, 2nd Baron Ashcombe was born on 14 Mar 1867. He died on 27 Oct 1947 in Dorking, Surrey. Henry CUBITT and Maud Marianne CALVERT were married on 21 Aug 1890 in Ockley, Surrey, England. 13. Maud Marianne CALVERT was born in 1865 in Charlton, near Woolwich, England. She died on 7 Mar 1945. Henry CUBITT and Maud Marianne CALVERT had the following children: i. Captain Henry Archibald CUBITT was born on 3 Jan 1892.  He died on 15 Sep 1916.ii. Lieutenant Alick George CUBITT was born on 16 Jan 1894.  He died on 24 Nov 1917.iii. Lieutenant William Hugh CUBITT was born on 30 May 1896.  He died on 24 Mar 1918.6 iv. Roland Calvert CUBITT, 3rd Baron Ashcombev. Archibald Edward CUBITT was born on 16 Jan 1901.  He died on 13 Feb 1972.vi. Charles Guy CUBITT was born on 13 Feb 1903.  He died in 1979. 14. Lt. Col. George KEPPEL was born on 14 Oct 1865 and  died on 22 Nov 1947.16 Lt. Col. George KEPPEL and Alice Frederica EDMONSTONE were married on 1 Jun 1891 in St. George, Hanover Square, London.17 15. Alice Frederica EDMONSTONE was born in 1869 in Duntreath Castle, Loch Lomond, Scotland. She died on 11 Sep 1947 in Villa Bellosquardo, near Firenze, Italy. Lt. Col. George KEPPEL and Alice Frederica EDMONSTONE had the following children: i. Violet KEPPEL was born on 6 Jun 1894.  She died on 1 Mar 1970.7 ii. Sonia Rosemary KEPPEL

History of East Asia 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History of East Asia 2 - Essay Example The Yamato clan conquered large part of Japan, especially Honshu and Kyushu islands. As mentioned earlier, there were many clans and families that ruled sections of the country. The biggest threat that a king faced during those times were uprising from these local rulers. By mid 500 AD Buddhism has been established and its peace message ensured that the country did not face too much of internal and external threats for around four hundred years. Even so, there was the possible threat of uprising from some ambitious head of the local clans. The Heian Empire sought the help of the Fujwara clan in maintaining peace and even allowed them regency rule. This powerful clan helped to see that other clans accepted the rule of the Heian Empire. King Kotoku used another tactic through land and policy reforms to weaken the aristocratic families during the middle of the sixth century AD. He made a rule that all agriculture property in his domain become the property of the emperor which will be leased out to people for cultivation. During later periods, hundreds of Buddhist Templ es were built and these were under the control of priests or monks. Their sheer number and influence began to rise and king feared that his own influence and power may be overshadowed. In 794 AD the current capital was moved to what is today known as Kyoto to reduce the meddling of priests in national affairs. A law was also passed at that time allowing no more than two Buddhist temples to be built within the city premises. So, the popularity and growth of Buddhism gave rise to one more type of threat apart from those that came from the local clans and families. The Fujiwara clan began to have more influence with the king by the second half of 800 AD. The far sighted head of the clan married off the daughters to emperors ensured that the son born out the liaison would become the king in the future. The head of the Fujiwara clan then would proclaim himself as the regent to

A personal military experience or Any personal experience Essay

A personal military experience or Any personal experience - Essay Example the neighborhood and I was always the commander of my group, the military was not just a dream but a lifestyle which reflected in my daily activities. Dad has always wanted me to take over from him and become a good doctor, he bought medical toys like ambulances, syringes and first aid boxes but I used them in my military games with other kids which we called â€Å"war start†. It will really break dad’s heart if he gets to know that medicine is not my thing, he did everything to make sure I become a doctor. My mind was a whirlwind, thoughts flinging themselves across the barren wasteland of my brain, how will dad feel if I get to tell him this? I pondered, will he stop fending for me? Will he love me less? I was totally imprisoned in my thoughts and the earlier I burst the bubble and break free the better it will be for me, after all dad always told me it’s better to be honest and bear the consequences than to be dishonest and reap from falsehood. I didn’t want to go to mum because she will summon a UN meeting with dad and such doesn’t usually end well. There must be an exit I said to myself, I logged in my facebook page and took a glance at my friend-list, I was astonished when I saw Martin in a military uniform on his profile picture and without hesitating I sent him a mail in which I explained my situation. Martin was once my neighbor for four years; he was a shy isolated gentleman who liked playing with girls and barbie toys, we made fun of him and always called him â€Å"cheerleader† who knew he would man up? I felt disappointed in self and with some understandable jealously sprinkled around my frustration.   I had a volcano of feelings and experiences bottled up inside me which was ready to let erupt but a sound popped up- it was Martins reply and it reads â€Å"Hey Man, calm down I assure you that everything will turn out well if only you will make up your mind and challenge yourself. My parents and almost everyone I knew objected my decision to

The poverty issue

The poverty issue This issue of Poverty has been general concern to humanity due to the serious setback it is causing globally. It has become the Worlds epidemic threatening some economic especially those in the Least Developing countries (LDCs). Hence, the magnitude of poverty though varying in different parts of the world is known to be prominent in the LDCs. Countries could be found in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. According to Raanan Weitz 1986, While humanity shares one planet, it is a planet on which there are two worlds, the rich and the world of the poor these poor world countries are called the Third World.[1] They are characterized by low economic growth, low per capital income, low standards of living ,low level of technology, high illiteracy rate, political instability. All of these serve as an impediment to the economic growth processes of these countries. According to Allan Cochrane A crucial aspect of poverty is the way in which It reduces ability of people to participate in the normal lives of their communities with stress being placed on the deprivation which results from the lack rather than low income itself[2] Poverty can influence policy intervene in any society and it is central to policy debates concerning development on welfare issue. After the end of the first and second World Wars that lead mostly to the devastation of Europe, a group countries came together to form the league that will seek to the Affairs of their countries, promote international relations seeking to operate in a variety of areas of human activities. This resulted to formation of International Governmental Organization (INGOs) charged with the responsibility and vision to facilitate the issue of war and peace, disease prevention and peace, and economic development. These IGOs seem to be dominant in contemporary international affairs. Besides, other actors who also play significant role in influencing and determining the course of international relations but yet are not so officially recognized by states, (nonprofit making, voluntarily farmed, specific aims and objectives and that which are active in various human welfare),are Non- governmental Organization(NGOs). According to Daniel S. Papp, Non-government Organizations are extremely divers in Size, composition objective and include bodies such as the International Olympic Commission (IOC). The Committee for nuclear disarmament, the International Federation of Air line Pilots Association, International Rescue Committee (IRC). The International Chamber of commerce, and the World Federation of true Union.[3] In the least developed countries like Africa, both the income and non- income aspect poverty is pervasive due to problem stretching from bad governance and mismanagement, poor economic growth, unemployment and underemployment, lack of access to social services ,low level of investment, high degree of indebtness and many others. The above, mentioned views are buttress by Santiago (1973), thus the third world, with 77% of the population, subsists on only 22% of the world income and even this population is in abject poverty[4] Nevertheless, most of the LDCs have formulated policies and strategies for poverty reduction in their development plans supported and financed by international organizations. Sierra Leone at the west coast of Africa, according to world population data of the reference bureau, Sierra Leone has an estimated population of about 4.5 million. With the natural resources vary from fertile land tropical mineral deposits. Yet, it is ranked at the bottom of united nation Human Development Index (HDI) as the poorest in the world. In support to further reforms and effort to stabilize the economy, the International Monetary Fund(IMF)approved an economic program inflict assistance to facilitate the economy in December 1999.The World Bank also launched the Economic Rehabilitation and Recovery credit to assist Government in restoring protective and economic security. Other donors including the Islamic Development Bank (IDB), THE Department for International Development (DFID) UK and the European Economic Commission (EU) or (EEC) have provided ongoing emergency recovery assistance and budgetary support to enhance government capacity to fund critical program and improve service delivery[5] In a bid to improve on the efficiency of donors support, the Government has centralized aid Coordination in the Ministry of Development and Economic Planning (MODEP) to formulate humanitarian guideline for all NGOs operating in the country. About 75.5% of the population live below the poverty line less than one United States dollar (UA$1) per day [6].This low human development will include indicators like: low primary school enrollment, high illiteracy rate, high maternal death rate, and low level of security etc. However, the poverty situation becomes worsened during the war when most sectors from which the government was receiving revenue especially the mining sector become the target of the war. With the end of the war and successful conclusion of Presidential and Parliamentary elections on the 14th May 2002, Government has already implemented series of strategies that seek to alleviate poverty. To redress poverty, the government articulated and interim poverty reduction paper (I-PRSP) in June2001. Government Institutions, Sectors, International Organization and the international community have refined their policies toward reducing poverty in the country. METHODOLOGY The researcher due to time limitation, and with regards to the objective of this work, researcher will be assessing information gathered from secondary sources/data in order to produce the required and desired result. The researcher opted to integrate the qualitative approach in this study due to its significant advantages. The use of qualitative data gathering method is advantageous as they are more open to changes and refinement of research ideas as the study progresses; this implies that qualitative data gathering tools are highly flexible. This study will use interpretivist as its main research philosophy. A descriptive research intends to present facts concerning the nature and status of a situation, as it exists at the time of the study (Creswell, 1994). It is also concerned with relationships and practices that exist, beliefs and process that are on-going, effects that are being felt or trends that are developing. In addition, such approach tries to describe past, present conditions, events or systems based on the impressions or reactions of the respondents of the research (Creswell, 1994). The ontology of qualitative methods is constructivist, which contends that social phenomenon is continually being accomplished by social actors- they are produced through social interaction and are thus constantly being revised.[7] Basically, a descriptive research utilizes observations and surveys. It is for this particular reason that this approach was chosen by the researcher, whose intention is to gather first hand data. Moreover, this will allow for a flexible approach that when important new issues and questions arise at the duration of the study, a further investigation can be conducted. Another advantage is that with this approach, the research will be fast and somehow cost-effective. Aside from the qualitative finding method, secondary research will be conducted in this study. Sources in secondary research will include previous research reports, development books, world and regional documentations, existing findings on journals and existing knowledge on books, firsthand communication source from international organization websites, newspapers, magazines and appropriate use of the internet. The study will undertake an extensive review of the relevant literature on the role played by NGOs in alleviating poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa, Case study caritas as a case study. Basically, interpretation will be conducted which can account as qualitative in nature. PROBLEM Poverty is a situation which renders communities and individuals ineffective, passive an isolated, thereby reducing the ability of people to participate in the normal lives of their communities resulting to deprivation which is characterized by lack of income rather than the low income itself. This poverty epidemic is very widespread in Sierra Leone. It penetrates all sectors of our society and at the same time arrests development. Poverty is the major hurdle and impediments of developmental aspirations and strides in the third world which Sierra Leone is an integral component. JUSTIFICATION Similar research works have been undertaking in parts of the country, and at various quarters to investigate the role played by NGOs in complementing and fulfillment of Governments efforts in its stride to help improve the welfare of the citizens. However, many campaigns , talks and surveys have proved right that NGOs indeed playing crucial roles in human activities and have had some degrees of successes in obtaining the objective Example of such NGOs include: The International Red Cross, International Federation of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, The World Vision, Catholic Relief Service and the like. Hence, it is important for a survey like this to be conducted to see how Caritas in Sierra Leone in helping to alleviate. In Sierra Leone like in any other third world countries, poverty is a complete rural phenomenon. Survey undertaking by various quarters, groups, researchers, civil societies, government sectors have shown that poverty is very alarming in the Northern and Eastern Provinces of Sierra Leone. To add an addendum to this point, the Central Statistics Office now known as Statistic Sierra Leone,(SCOSHEHEA 1989-1990), explain thus: Eastern Province about 26.4%of the population is poor, Northern province 35.3%,Western Area 15.9% and the SouthernProvince22.3%. Poverty is manifested in the following activities, some single parent family begging in streets, increase in commercial sex work, and an increase in the number of early marriage and pregnancy, high rate of inflation, massive unemployment of Youth etc. The study seeks to highlight the important role played by NGOs with emphasis on Caritas in alleviating poverty. It will also serve as a basis for now and future projection in the allocation of resource for development program Lastly, with the completion of the research work, it can be of good source of information for future researchers, who may wish to further investigate the role NGOs play in poverty alleviations. HYPOTHESIS Caritas Sierra Leone (NGO) is helping and completing Governments effort to alleviate poverty in Sierra Leone. How? SCOPE OF THE WORK This work is divided into five sections these include; section (1) Background/History of poverty Section (2) Background to case study that is background history of Caritas Sierra Leone, section (3) Origin and meaning of NGOs, section (4) Analysis of Caritas activities in Sierra Leone (Agriculture, education, Health), section five Analysis and interpretation of data based on the empirical result and section (5) conclusion. The research work is designed to cover three implementing sectors of Caritas with regard to poverty alleviation, they includes: Agricultural Recovery/Activities Education Health AIMS and OBJECTIVES The major aim of this research is to assess Caritas Sierra Leone (NGO) role play in alleviating poverty in Sierra Leone. The objective is to give brief meaning and origin of NGOs, brief historical background of Caritas, and to, Assess the various activities of Caritas on poverty reduction in areas of operations in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone. DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES This study is descriptive and to meet the objectives of this dissertation, the desk research method is used which involves collection of data from Caritas field officers, and administrators, and documentation etc. Reviews of the related articles, publications, books written by development writers and development journals on this subject matter have would be review and consulted and used. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis will be used. TOOLS OF ANALYSIS Tables, Chats, Averages, and Percentages will be used to analyze and present the data. LITERATURE REVIEW Poverty has become a sensitive issue all over the world. Because of this ,individual, consultative group meetings, Government Institutions, Non- Governmental Organisation, Human Right Activist Groups, Humanitarian Organisation, Civil Societies groups, Women Organisations, have in diverse ways undertaken research work written books and formulated activities and strategies towards alleviating poverty. In the course of this discussion, divergent views from selected work will be determine critically to look at the designs and mechanisms adopted by NGOs with specific reference to Caritas sierra Leone to reduce poverty in the LDCs. Peter Townsend (1979) an exponent on the concept and its effect on humanity viewed poverty as follows; Individuals, families and groups in population can be said to be in poverty when they lack the resources to obtain the types of diet, participate in the activities and how the living the conditions and amenities which are customary or approved in the societies to which they belong .There resources are so seriously below those commanded by the average individual or family that they in effect excluded from the ordinary living patterns, custom and activities. Similarly so in Sierra Leone, a situation current under which the bulk of the population is being affected more especially in the rural areas. This work will however examine the length and extent of the poor status under which the population is categories and how it has been alleviated with the intervention of Caritas in Sierra Leone. Evaluating the impact of NGOs, Womens Association in Rural Poverty Alleviation, Connick (1992) outlined the spending power of the average urban household is 2.5 times as the average rural, household ,with a large proportion of the rural household clustered in the lowest spending expenditure groups . The selection of the reviewed location of this study is a clear indication to the fact that the poverty is a rural phenomenon in Sierra Leone and the need for partners in development like Caritas to engage in activities that alleviate poverty in this area is a much concern to this research. Galbraith John Kenneth (1970) revealed that, poverty may itself be a cause of poverty. This is because; it denies the country from investment, revenues for education or purchasing power for consumer product, which in turn, is an inventive to effort. Thus, poverty perpetuates itself. Such are the fundamental that both systems must attack. It is unlikely, that that the causes operate in the same form and in the intensively in any two cases. Effective attacks therefore require not only efficient remedies but also effective diagnosed of the condition to be ameliorated. In applying strategies/policies geared towards poverty reduction in the country, proper identification of the poverty situation should be undertaken. This however, should be complemented by inducting activities and policies to reduce poverty. However, streaming the poverty alleviation programmes, of Caritas from 2001-2008 is a period diagnosed as poverty being very prominent. The strategies and mechanism used by Caritas in fighting poverty is the backbone of this research work. Forster and Shorrocks (1991) argue that aggregate measure of poverty have to be sub-divided consistent. This poverty of a poverty index is closely associated with the nation of decomposability or adaptively across sub-groups .If a poverty index is sub-group consisting, then it must be in the Forster etal, class or any of their increasing transformation. In support of Forster and Shorrocks 1991 statement, Sierra Leone Government put strategy and mechanisms in place, in order to sub-grouped poverty. The Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy was form to look into the poverty situation. Von Pisschke (1919) recognized that, poverty is contextual that is not static and it is relative. Micro credit loan was introduced as a mechanism for the poor to pursue Poverty Reduction activities which were within means and capacities. The knowledge behind this is that, poverty situation can be improved and a way of doing this is through giving micro-credit loans to co-operative groups, womens Organisation. Individuals, to actively engage in activities like small scale business, agricultural activities, which aid in the increase and improvement of diets as well as participating in the activities of their respective communities. This is evident in areas in which Local NGOs; International NGOs operate to reduce poverty in the society. A case study is the activities of Caritas in rural areas and rural urban areas within the last twelve years. A conceptual frame work is that, micro-credit or small loan recommended as a process for generating income through Agricultural activities. Literacy programmes, Skill training or through Small- scale business is widely a concept in the areas where NGOs and other societier Organisations operate. Caritas will be the one under investigation. With regard to this issue, Khander and Kabeer (1998) discussed the idea that, NGOs and Donors were dictated on policies which specifically called for the increased in micro-credit loans to reach out to women and these micro-credit programmes did not limit their desire impact to poverty reduction only but extended it to achieve womens empowerment Nonetheless, in Sub-Saharan Economics, Agriculture is purely subsistence and women are the actors in the production of food and responsible for the smooth running of the home, loans are therefore giving and directed to undertake such activities in the society in order to reduce poverty. Evidence in Chao Beroff (1999) shown that, micro-credit programmes were meant to help the poor generate income and alleviate the poverty sustainable. Similarly, Mayout (2000) explained in the second paradigm that is called the poverty Alleviation Paradigm which manifested in increasing outreach and access to the poor ,providing small loans for consumption and training in some of the poor segment of the population and they are the ones directly targeted and responsible for the family well-being. The issue here is that, micro-credit are meant and targeted more specifically for women whose role in the family well-being are very significant. Mansaray Shiekh U. (1995) also explained that, education, per-capital income, level of investment changes in farm size, employment health, food and nutrition etc were the agents or sectors of development. However, an improvement in these sectors will bring about sustainable development that will reduce poverty. The role of Non-governmental Organisation in development with specific references to the association of Rural Development was taken as the subject on these issues. Susistainable development, however gives to growth leading to a high standard of living .With regard to this, poverty will be alleviated. This study focuses and is however related to examination of the role of Caritas in alleviating poverty with special references to the aspects of Agriculture production, skill training Literacy which is part of the sectors, outlines in development. Gordon Drabek (1988) outlined various analytic concepts and prescription within the idea of promoting NGOs in the developing countries .Many reasons related to the mistakes that have been occurring over time by socio-economic developing countries and making the individual who are intended to gain from these developmental policies continue to remain poor as ever. However, NGOs have contributed significant resource of different categories to development programmes at community and national level for the benefit of the deprived groups in the rural and urban communities. In assessing the role of Caritas in alleviating poverty in Sierra Leone will be an evident toward NGOs performance in their intended purposes. Also, Chamber R. (1988) used the idea of Additionally to present the outstanding contribution of NGOs to development programmes. Additionally here means the making of things better than they would have been and allows for bad as well as good effects. Quiet a substantial number of NGOs which operate in Sierra Leone of which Caritas is one among the many. Caritas in this respect is targeted to see the extent of its contribution in poverty alleviation well composed, organized, established and their contribution towards improving human activities in rural and urban communities is well organized. Raanan Weitz (1986) Allan Cochrane (1992) problems of poverty And abstract from social problem and the family pages Daniel S. Papp Contemporary International Relation Pages 91-92. Santiago (1973) Declaration of Third World, World Economic Republic of Sierra Leone. Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper June 2001. Human Development Reports 2002.United Nation Development Program New York. Creswell, J.W. (1994) Research design: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage. in Bryman (2001) Social Research Methods, Oxford University Press, Oxford, p.264

Visualizing Eternity in Walt Whitmans Song of Myself Essay -- Song of

Visualizing Eternity in Walt Whitman's Song of Myself Whitman's poem "Song of Myself #44" stands as a confession and testaments of not only who he is and what he is, but also as who we are, we being people in general. The poem is not about a self-idolizing author claiming to be the greatest being of all time. Instead it paints a picture for all mankind alike to relate to. It puts a mirror in front of the world and presents an angle of an image that, though familiar, we have never seen or realized before. In the very beginning of the poem, Whitman addresses the world upon a pedestal, asking them to stand and explore with him the unknown. And what is unknown is eternity and the meaning of life. From this beginning there is a tone of a confession or a speech that is set out to reveal something new and something of importance. He "strips away" what is known, or rather, all the little things of life, that which really does not matter much, and tries to get to the bottom of it all. And what lies at the bottom is eternity. This is the unexplainable, the unattainable, but also the essential. Eternity cannot be captured by people, it "lies in bottomless reservoirs"(1136). It is a force that has been present for many years, and will continue forth for more than anyone will ever know. But it is through this force that people have grown and learned to exist. The poem puts in writing the constantly moving force of life and time. We were born somewhere along the line of life and will die somewhere as well, but we still were present in the nurturing existence of time; everyone has his or her time, place, and moment of life. In line 1142, Whitman writes, in my opinion, a kind of commentary of society, that whi... ...nd then to "Monstrous sauroids" or dinosaurs roaming the earth. The whole process has "been steadily employed to complete and delight me"(1167). I do not feel that he intentionally means that he alone is the product of the universe's existence, but I feel that he speaks of himself in such a way but does not exclude everyone else from the realization that they too are the end result of history. It reads to me more like a confidence boaster rather than an egotistical look at life. But this is arguable as, in the beginning of the poem, he says "It is time top explain myself"(1133), but he includes as along by saying "I launch all men and women forward with me into the unknown"(1134), so it is a matter of perspective. I feel, however, that it is not just Whitman but everyone who can now stand as the completion of nature, the final product of history, which is life. Visualizing Eternity in Walt Whitman's Song of Myself Essay -- Song of Visualizing Eternity in Walt Whitman's Song of Myself Whitman's poem "Song of Myself #44" stands as a confession and testaments of not only who he is and what he is, but also as who we are, we being people in general. The poem is not about a self-idolizing author claiming to be the greatest being of all time. Instead it paints a picture for all mankind alike to relate to. It puts a mirror in front of the world and presents an angle of an image that, though familiar, we have never seen or realized before. In the very beginning of the poem, Whitman addresses the world upon a pedestal, asking them to stand and explore with him the unknown. And what is unknown is eternity and the meaning of life. From this beginning there is a tone of a confession or a speech that is set out to reveal something new and something of importance. He "strips away" what is known, or rather, all the little things of life, that which really does not matter much, and tries to get to the bottom of it all. And what lies at the bottom is eternity. This is the unexplainable, the unattainable, but also the essential. Eternity cannot be captured by people, it "lies in bottomless reservoirs"(1136). It is a force that has been present for many years, and will continue forth for more than anyone will ever know. But it is through this force that people have grown and learned to exist. The poem puts in writing the constantly moving force of life and time. We were born somewhere along the line of life and will die somewhere as well, but we still were present in the nurturing existence of time; everyone has his or her time, place, and moment of life. In line 1142, Whitman writes, in my opinion, a kind of commentary of society, that whi... ...nd then to "Monstrous sauroids" or dinosaurs roaming the earth. The whole process has "been steadily employed to complete and delight me"(1167). I do not feel that he intentionally means that he alone is the product of the universe's existence, but I feel that he speaks of himself in such a way but does not exclude everyone else from the realization that they too are the end result of history. It reads to me more like a confidence boaster rather than an egotistical look at life. But this is arguable as, in the beginning of the poem, he says "It is time top explain myself"(1133), but he includes as along by saying "I launch all men and women forward with me into the unknown"(1134), so it is a matter of perspective. I feel, however, that it is not just Whitman but everyone who can now stand as the completion of nature, the final product of history, which is life.

Criminal Justice System in Hong Kong Essay

Abstract The fairness of the criminal justice system in Hong Kong is affected by different factors. Social disposition and public outlook of the person in trial is one of the greatest factors. The â€Å"personality† of the person in trial and the number of vital government â€Å"connections† that he or she has also affects the fairness of the justice system. Generally speaking, the justice system in Hong Kong is considered â€Å"fair†. This is true to almost all citizens not until a person in trial possesses a lot of connections, holds a great deal of fortune, and is a critical part in socio-political relations in Hong Kong or in the outside countries. Different factors range from social, political and other aspects. For an important job involving decision-making, we know that people involved in this aspect have to make important, significant and intricate decisions in every part of their work. Today, it is very surprising to realize that a lot of judges/adjudicators have written only a fraction of amount telling the moment of decision. This also includes the thought process that they undergo each time they decide about a given subject. There are numerous reasons to think about and reflect about this on-going silence. One of the most important reasons is that the declaratory theory of judicial decision-making persuaded decision-makers to further believe that their personal role in the decision making is put to a minimal percent. The decision-makers role in interpreting our very own Constitution will simply be a factor which declares about differentiated purposes. Correspondingly, in discovering many differentiated and widespread laws to administer a case, the decision-maker is simply carrying out a straightforward application of logical reasoning. The outcome of this process is not a creation of the judge. The creation of the decision came and grew out before the time the judge even thought about the person in trial. The thought of stereotyping judges as to merely being a purpose driven person or a propaganda administrator is not good. Somewhere in the middle of that range will most likely produce judges which will slowly show a fair degree of consistency. As we know, we can always suggest that each case is different form the other and it is always dependent upon its own unique facts. These facts and truths will be found in the language and structure of the article and file that the decision-makers scrutinize. Because of this, we can always deny and renounce any type of attitudinal philosophy. We, as rational human beings, can always seek to discern and determine diverse and differentiated styles and approaches. This of course greatly depends on whether the act in question concerns criminal violations, tax evasions, compensation benefits or otherwise. In the process of analyzing different views about statutory construction, I have a great deal of certainty that there must always be an explanation at a higher level of reasoning. Reasoning, decision-making, and implementation of statutory laws in Hong Kong are considered â€Å"fair† enough. The main structure of the criminal justice system in Hong Kong and the fairness of their decisions are affected by the following factors. First, political connections – even a good judge will have difficulty in denying this factor. Political connections range from having a wide array of known people and having the full support of all the persons/groups. Second, social disposition – a judge will most likely consider the social disposition of a defendant once he/she is in trial. If the conviction or the release of the said person will largely affect different sectors in the country especially the economic sector then most likely the decision of the judge will be a little bit in favor to the defendant. Third, money – yes, money. Having a lot of money in Hong Kong changes everything. We, of course, are not assuming the fact that all judges in Hong Kong could be bought by money. Money plays an important role in the fairness of the justice system of Hong Kong by providing a possible â€Å"loophole† in the decision making. This idea need not to be discussed a lot because we all know that in today’s businesses and transactions, money is power.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the issue of having a â€Å"fair† justice system in Hong Kong, I do believe that they can still be considered fair. This is because of the various external influences that they receive. But of course, the factors affecting the decision of the jury or judge are still very much alive and pose a great amount of threat to the equality and fairness of the trial.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Factors that affect the fairness of the justice system in Hong Kong are not confined to the topics that I have mentioned. These factors start from the individual himself and go beyond the usual factors like money, social disposition and government connections. Certain strategies put up by the defensive side will not be confined to just manipulating the decision but also the key persons involved in the whole proceedings. Hong Kong is a place of organized crime groups and rich people. I will leave all of these to your own imagination on how creative and clever these criminals and rich people might be in escaping possible â€Å"guilty† declarations. References Forrester, R. B (1986). Law and the Loopholes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New Jersey. Aurora Publishing.

What Is the Notation for Electron Configuration

Electron configuration refers to the populations of electronic energy sublevels of an atom. The electronic configuration notations for all of the elements are available in one chart. Example The electronic configuration of a lithium atom is 1s22s, which indicates there are two electrons in the 1s sublevel and one electron in the 2s energy sublevel.